Coral Bleaching Essay -- Geology

red coral BleachingAbstractCoral reefs have been called the rainforests of the ocean and ar one of the most diverse and important ecosystems on the planet. This paper will explore how global warming has effected these fragile ecosystems. It will focus on the impact of increasing ocean temperatures on coral reefs.Coral ReefsCoral reefs exist globally from 30N to 30S latitude and have existed in some form on Earth for over 200 million years. Over 2500 species of coral have been identified 1000 of which are reef building hard coral. Reefs are very limestone structures produced by small physicals called coral polyps. These polyps contain unicellular plants (algae) called zooxanthellae in their tissue. They have a symbiotic relationship which means, living together. During the day the zooxanthellae rise to the surface of the animal and produce food by photosynthesis. At night the polyp extends a stinging, multitenticled mouth that feeds on any planktonic animals. They both benefit fro m the waste products of the other. They excessively work together to capture calcium carbonate from seawater and convert it into the hard limestone structures in which they live. Because corals survive due to this fragile relationship, they are very minute and tolerate relatively narrow ranges of water temperature, salinity and transparency.Coral reefs are estimated to cover less than .2% of the ocean floor but contain approximately 25% of the oceans species. They provide protection for shorelines, reducing erosion. They also give food, shelter and protection to almost one million marine species and act as a nursery for growing fish. Humans benefit directly from coral reefs. They supply us with food, jobs (through fishing and tourism) a... ...astrous to lose the existing coral reefs of the world.References 1. William Fitt. Bleaching of Symbiotic alga Available http//zircon.geology.union.edu/Carb/fitt 2. Reef Relief. Reef Relief Available http//www.blacktop.com/coral forest/index.html 3. Knauer Communication. Global Warming is a Problem Available http//www.enviroweb.org/edf/isproblem/isproblem_frameset.html 4. Michael Van Woert. ORAD Available http//140.90.191.231/orad/ 5. indium University. Reef Resource Page Available http//www.indiana.edu/reefpage/. 6. Ingrid Guch. NOAA Available http//www.ara.polytechnique.fr/surface.html 7. PCRF. Planetary Coral Reef Foundation Available http//www.pcrf.org/ 8. The Coral Reef Alliance. Get the Facts on Coral ReefsAvailable http//www.coral.org/Facts.html

The Charge :: essays research papers

PrologueThis short story is about the impressions of a soldier just before he is thrown into the hell of battle. The go steady of the battle is of no consequence. These thoughts have no doubt come down through eons of mans history. From the cave man to the space stations of tomorrow these thoughts will live forever.*****Wars face never changes. Men converge on diametric edges of a field. Whether corn, wheat, or just a meadow blanketed in wild flowers, the arena has never matter. The men on each shoulder of the field necessitated the charge. The leaders have decided the field must be acquired. The question that consistently comes to my mind is why. I have battled numerous times and have never seen victorious armies inhabit the conquered field. Never have I seen reinforcement made from bloodshed.The only resource needed to make a charge, in battle, is heart. If a man doesnt have the heart, a charge is not in him. Many say courage is what you need, but that is not so. You can have a Lions courage, but if lacking heart, courage will die dry, heart is everlasting.The men around me I know have heart, and for that I thank the All Mighty. Ill not have to look for them, because they will be right at my side when the time comes. These men have shown their heart in many clashes for me to distrust them now. We have been told that only a few of us will return, but in a charge that is understood. To charge an enemy, you sense from the beginning you will not survive. That isnt the question which will last subsequently all is done. They will only ask, did he die well. I can see the sun rising. The time is nearing for us to do our concern. Duty for country, duty for flag, but above all, duty for our comrades is the soldiers motto. The man next to you is your country, flag, and brother.We all know this day is to be a challenge to our friendship. There are times when I think I may turn to cowardice, but then I look at my friends and know that cannot be.I endlessly am, Iv e always been, and I will always be, because humanity needs me. The captain has just called roll and we are all here as weve always been.

Wind Power as an Alternative Energy Source Essay -- Energy Power Globa

Wind Power as an Alternate Energy witnesserGraphics not IncludedABSTRACTThe United States main source of push is currently fossil fuels. However, we knowthat fossil fuel supply continues to finish and sooner or later, the United States will need to resort to a new source of energy. This report hopes to explore the advantages anddisadvantages of wind actor using get regions. These regions have experience inusing wind power, which may help us determine whether or not it is a suitable source ofenergy when fossil fuels are completely drained. From examining Denmark and otherplaces benefiting from this clean and unlimited source of wind power, we believe that theUnited States possesses enough wind, money, and other resources to use wind power as amain future source of energy.INTRODUCTIONWind is nisus with kinetic energy. It is formed at different positions on the Earthssurface. Warm air heated up by the sun expands and rises while cool air moves in to takeits place creating winds. W ind is a renewable energy, which is means that as long as thesun is still shining, wind will remain. The use of windmills to slow down the speed ofwind can generate electricity. The wind satiny through the blade causes lift which inturn, makes the blades rotate. These blades are attached to a drive shaft, which isconnected to an electric generator that creates electricity. See figure 1.QuickTime? and a squabble (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture.Fig 1(Wind Energy-Energy from Moving Air, 2005)Scientists say that there are many possible sites for windmills and that 37 states arecapable of generating electricity through wind power (Wind Energy?Energy fromMoving Air, 2005). An average wi... ...nergyfacts/sources/renewable/wind.htmlWillis, Bill (2002) Wind Power. WCS Science, retrieved gilded 1, 2005, fromhttp//www.wcsscience.com/windpower/page.htmlDeLespinasse, Paul F. (January 2004) How Many Windmills Would $87 Billion debase? Common Dreams NewsCenter, retrie ved August 1, 2005, fromhttp//www.commondreams.org/views04/0112-07(no author) (no date) Food, Land, Population, and the U.S. Economy. CARRYINGCAPACITY NETWORK, retrieved August 1, 2005, fromhttp//www.carryingcapacity.org/resources.html(no author) (June 2005) North Dakota Wind Energy Development. AmericanWind Energy Association, retrieved August 2, 2005, fromhttp//www.awea.org/projects/northdakota.htmlAkselsson, Mattias. (September 2004) The Worlds Leader in Wind Power.Scandinavica, retrieved August 2, 2005, fromhttp//www.scandinavica.com/culture/nature/wind.htm

Gulliver’s Travels and Phaedra †Passion or Reason :: Gullivers Travels Essays

  Gullivers Travels and Phaedra Passion or Reason   Do you base your decisions on passion or creator? The manner one bases his or her decisions affects the quality and happiness of his or her life. Neither passion nor reason should be the sole radix for ones philosophy or lifestyle, because passion without reason is uncontrollable, and reason without passion requests the spark out of life. Works such as Phaedra and Gullivers Travels show that either extreme leave behind likely result in snake pit and unhappiness, teaching one to pull from both sides.   In Racines Phaedra, the characters face problems that are caused by their passions, in a corporation based on reason and the roles they accept in it. Phaedra finds that she loves Hippolytus, who is her stepson, and she feels guilty almost it, because it goes against the grain of society. She is crazed with the passion she feels, and convinces herself, for a time, that she should die without telling a nyone, so that her daunt is not made worse by being known to others. Phaedra says, my frenzied loves burst forth in act and word. Ive spoken what should never have been hear (Phaedra 181). This shows how much she regrets her decision to express her feelings, because she knows she spoke out of passion instead of reason. Her indignity is so strong in her heart that she cannot even let herself take the responsibility for it. Phaedra claims that, the Gods have robbed her wits(Phaedra 168) as a way of passing the blame on to someone else in an effort to remove some of the transgress from herself and onto the Gods. Eventually, she gives into the passion she is feeling, and tells Hippolytus how she feels. Her passion horrifies Hippolytus, because of the wrongness of the situation. Phaedra is so bound to a world of reason that once she decides to explore her feelings she removes her boundaries all together, forgetting how serious the affects on other great deal are going to be. Meanwhile Hippolytus finds distinctiveness of will, driven by passion, to pursue the woman he loves, who was banned by his father Theseus. Hippolytus says, my reason cant rein in my heart (Phaedra 176) when he is thinking about the crime he is committing against his father because of his love for Aricia.Gullivers Travels and Phaedra Passion or Reason Gullivers Travels Essays   Gullivers Travels and Phaedra Passion or Reason   Do you base your decisions on passion or reason? The way one bases his or her decisions affects the quality and happiness of his or her life. Neither passion nor reason should be the sole basis for ones philosophy or lifestyle, because passion without reason is uncontrollable, and reason without passion takes the spark out of life. Works such as Phaedra and Gullivers Travels show that either extreme will likely result in chaos and unhappiness, teaching one to pull from both sides.   In Racines Phaedra, the characters face p roblems that are caused by their passions, in a society based on reason and the roles they play in it. Phaedra finds that she loves Hippolytus, who is her stepson, and she feels guilty about it, because it goes against the grain of society. She is crazed with the passion she feels, and convinces herself, for a time, that she should die without telling anyone, so that her shame is not made worse by being known to others. Phaedra says, my frenzied loves burst forth in act and word. Ive spoken what should never have been heard (Phaedra 181). This shows how much she regrets her decision to verbalize her feelings, because she knows she spoke out of passion instead of reason. Her indignity is so strong in her heart that she cannot even let herself take the responsibility for it. Phaedra claims that, the Gods have robbed her wits(Phaedra 168) as a way of passing the blame on to someone else in an effort to remove some of the dishonor from herself and onto the Gods. Eventual ly, she gives into the passion she is feeling, and tells Hippolytus how she feels. Her passion horrifies Hippolytus, because of the wrongness of the situation. Phaedra is so bound to a world of reason that once she decides to explore her feelings she removes her boundaries all together, forgetting how serious the affects on other people are going to be. Meanwhile Hippolytus finds strength of will, driven by passion, to pursue the woman he loves, who was banned by his father Theseus. Hippolytus says, my reason cant rein in my heart (Phaedra 176) when he is thinking about the crime he is committing against his father because of his love for Aricia.

Foreign Aid - Our Obligation to Help the Less Fortunate Essay example -

What is absolute poverty? According to Robert McNamara it is life at the very margin of existence (Singer 219). It is a life that, if not ended by too soon death, causes a kind of misery unseen to those living in the United States. Compared to the estimated 1.2 billion people, worldwide living in poverty, those of us in developed countries love a life of luxury. The things that we take for granted, such as cars, computers, microwaves, and televisions, are extravagant items that most people living in extreme economic poverty depart never see. The gap between the affluent and the poverty-stricken is wide, and is getting even wider in many areas of the world. Are we morally obligated to help those less fortunate than ourselves? Should we merely go about our daily lives, forgetting about those on the other side of the world who are dying of malnutrition? These are just a fewer of the questions that I am about to explore. The fact that there is absolute poverty in th e world cannot be argued. The way we deal with this is the issue at hand. When sight the raw data, including the high infant mortality rates and low life expectancy statistics afflicting impoverished countries, unity cannot help but pity these people. Unfortunately, when it comes down to really taking action and deciding what to give up, we seem to feel just as much, if not more, pity for ourselves. Many reasons have been given for why we whitethorn not be obligated to give up portions of our wealth to help those in need. Fortunately, in my opinion, many of these jobs can be refuted. One such argument is that we do not have an obligation to assist the poor because of our own individual property rights. Robert ... ...oals are attainable if we work together, and as individuals, to make things happen. If one person feels that it is possible to give more without sacrificing something of equal moral significance, I believe they should make an internal commitment to do so. Works Cited Brown, Mark Mallock. Halving the universes cosmos is a Realistic Goal. 21 September 2000. Online http//www.globalpolicy.org/socecon/develop/mbrown2.htm. Singer, Peter. Practical Ethics Second Edition. New York Cambridge University Press, 1993. UNICEF. Approaches That Work. The State of the Worlds Children 1998 Focus on Nutrition. 13 March 2001. Online http//www.unicef.org/sowc98/approach.htm. The World Bank Group. Understanding and Responding to Poverty. PovertyNet. 16 March 2001. Online http//www.worldbank.org/poverty/mission/up3.htm.

Foreign Aid - Our Obligation to Help the Less Fortunate Essay example -

What is absolute poverty? According to Robert McNamara it is bread and butter at the very margin of existence (Singer 219). It is a life that, if not ended by early death, causes a kind of misery unseen to those living in the United States. Compared to the estimated 1.2 billion people, worldwide living in poverty, those of us in developed countries experience a life of luxury. The things that we take for granted, such as cars, computers, microwaves, and televisions, are extravagant items that most people living in extreme economic poverty will never see. The gap between the affluent and the poverty-stricken is wide, and is getting even wider in many areas of the world. Are we morally obligated to sustain those less fortunate than ourselves? Should we merely go about our daily lives, forgetting about those on the other side of the world who are dying(p) of malnutrition? These are just a few of the questions that I am about to explore. The fact that there is absolu te poverty in the world fuckingnot be argued. The mien we deal with this is the issue at hand. When observing the raw data, including the high infant mortality rates and low life expectancy statistics afflicting impoverished countries, one cannot help but pity these people. Unfortunately, when it comes down to actually taking action and deciding what to give up, we seem to feel just as much, if not more, pity for ourselves. numerous reasons have been given for why we may not be obligated to give up portions of our wealth to help those in need. Fortunately, in my opinion, many of these arguments can be refuted. One such argument is that we do not have an obligation to assist the poor because of our own individual property rights. Robert ... ...oals are get-at-able if we work together, and as individuals, to make things happen. If one person feels that it is possible to give more without sacrificing something of equal moral significance, I believe they should make an internal lading to do so. Works Cited Brown, Mark Mallock. Halving the Worlds Population is a Realistic Goal. 21 September 2000. Online http//www.globalpolicy.org/socecon/develop/mbrown2.htm. Singer, Peter. Practical Ethics Second Edition. New York Cambridge University Press, 1993. UNICEF. Approaches That Work. The State of the Worlds Children 1998 strain on Nutrition. 13 March 2001. Online http//www.unicef.org/sowc98/approach.htm. The World Bank Group. Understanding and Responding to Poverty. PovertyNet. 16 March 2001. Online http//www.worldbank.org/poverty/mission/up3.htm.

Patient Care

I expect to pass through life but once. If therefore, there be any kindness I can show, or any good thing I can do to any fellow being, let me do it now, and not defer or neglect it, as I sh either not pass this way again. William Penn (1644-1718) There are legion(predicate) ways to define forbearing care in my profess words. Doing my job to the best of my strength not only for myself but the patient roles that are in my care is of the ut most(prenominal) importance.My dedication to my work is defined by my ability to communicate effectively, actively listen, treat the patient with respect, respect their autonomy and take part in the environment I stand care in. By delimitate my personal point of view on what good patient care is I am setting my own standards to which I will strive to come across in work and in life. Communication is in my opinion is the most important thing I can do to provide woodland patient care. Being an effective communicator has many aspects to it.One is to help the patient feel like a human and not another test or number. Call(a)ing the patient by their name. Always talk directly to the patient and not about the patient. Give appropriate explanations about the procedure and explain what will be fortuity before, during and after the procedure. Answer any questions to the best of my ability and provide answers or solutions to ones I may not be able to answer, Follow up. Communication is not just speaking but actively listening, is not only verbal but also physical.Looking someone in the eye when engaging in discourse is a great way to show you are listening. Hearing a patients worries and concerns and maintaining a calm composed presence can help ease their fears. non taking a patients anger personally. I know that they do not want to be where they are and probably have many concerns. It is my job to be professional and not react to someone who may be rude or angry due to circumstances that have nothing to do with me. Practici ng persistence is an important skill to develop and hone in the health care field.Involving a family member or whomever the patient may have brought for support is a good idea. Asking the patient if they would like that person or family member to be in the path during the procedure is a great way to meliorate any stress they may have going in. Taking the time to listen and hear the patient while having understanding even in the most undesirable situations is my job as a health care worker. Another Important aspect is my dedication to my work. Making sure my room is clean and organized. Ensuring that either piece of equipment in my care is clean and working properly.Ensuring the patient is covered and offering a blanket in a cold exam room is one way to make them feel comfortable. Offering a glass of water if a patient is thirsty. Whatever I am able to provide to make the patient more at ease I will. A reassuring smile and a squeeze of the hand may be all they need. Lastly Respec t. To respect a patient concerns, questions, family, morals, values and religion is important to providing a quality of care that truly puts the patient first. Patient care has many different definitions, not one answer is wrong or more right than another.It is important to consider what it means to me as an individual, as well as an employee that represents where I work and to take responsibility for creating a good patient care atmosphere. Patient care to me is always putting the patient first. The patients needs, concerns and autonomy all have to be respected. I can only hope that in my time as an ultra sound technician that I can provide the quality patient care that I would want given to my family or myself. As Mr. Penn said, be kind and do good things because we only get one chance.

James Madison Essay

James Madison, Federalist Paper 51, 1788 In the compound republic of America, the power surrendered by the people is first divided between two perspicuous governments, and the portion allotted to each subdivided among distinct and separate governments, Hence a double security rises to the rights of the people.The different governments impart each control each other, at the same ume that each will be controlled by Itself. Note Madisons Idea of division of power between central and state governments is cognise as Federalism, Specific power divisions can be seen in the chart below. Document Analysis 1. A compound is something made of two or more than pieces. What are the two pieces that make up Madisons compound government? The central/national government and the state governments 2. What word ending in ism is another word for this kind ot compound government?Federalism . How does this compound government provide double security to the people? The central and state governments will check each others power. Also, the branches within each level of government will provide checks and balances. 4. Using the chart above, can you see a pattern In the types of power the Constitution reserved for the State governments? States seem to have power over the more local and personal issues (school. marriages ). These personal liberties were to a fault important for the framers to put into the hands of the national government.Governments closer to the people (the state overnments) would be more in tune with the feelings and cultures of their arem 5. How does federalism guard against tyranny? By distributing current powers between the central government and the states neither could tyrannize (gain absolute power) over the nation or the nations people. Document

Mina Loy’s poem “Lunar Baedeker” Essay

When read top to bottom, Mina Loys poem Lunar Baedeker may sound like a story of drugs, sex, and desperation. In reality, it is an encrypted biography of part of Loys life, as well as symbolic of the cycles of life. Lets initiate with the title, shall we?Lunar Baedeker, the word lunar means moonlightshine. It can in like manner mean relating to the moon, scarce more importantly it can mean measured by the moons cycles. What in the world is a Baedeker though? Baedeker is actually one Karl Baedeker, a German who, in 1859, published a series of guidebooks. Mina Loys title, therefore, translates to either a guide to the moon or a a guide to the moons cycle or cycles.The first stanza is very autobiographical it refers to Loys falling in love with her blink of an eye husband, Fabien Avernarius Lloyd, as well as known as Arthur Cravan. A silver dickens/ serves/ cocaine in cornucopia flatware here can be read as a shiny, white color, or highly persuasive, or a metal that has the h ighest thermal and electrical conductivity. Lucifer can mean a fallen rebel or a fallen star. If you read Lucifer as star it fits in well with Loys gossamer theme, barely it is better construed as a fallen rebel, because Loys second husband, Cravan, was constantly on the run for being a draft dodger. The circumstance that he was silver describes him as beautiful, pure, and persuasive. The situation that silver has the highest thermal and electrical conductivity says that he had a lot of sex appeal and sparks flew between him and the poet. cocain is a highly addictive substance that causes euphoric effect. The fact that it is served . . . in cornucopia makes Loy sound very much like a young fille who is giddy with love and cannot get enough of her beau.A rendition of the couples bedroom life is in the next stanza To some somnambulists/ of adolescent thighs/ mantled/ in satirical draperies Though Loy has two children from a previous marriage, these lines make Loy sound like a vi rgin in her husbands bed. The consideration somnambulists means sleepwalkers, which keys you into this pertaining to night activities. Thighs are a common government agency of sexuality, as they are so close to the sex organs anyway, and by describing what I take for granted are Loys own thighs asadolescent she represents her own sexuality as immature, underdeveloped, vulnerable and unused. By being draped/ in satirical draperies Loy says that her immaturity is hidden, besides only by clothing or cloth that intentionally exposes and criticizes her puerility.Loys third child, Fabienne, is referred to in the third stanza. Peris in livery/ prepare/ Lethe/ for late parvenus Peris, which is not Paris misspelled, is actually the plural form of the noun Peri. A Peri is a woman or girl who is descended from fallen angels and is excluded from Paradise. The term can also be used to describe a beautiful girl. Livery is servants clothing, implying that this Peri is not from a wealthy famil y. Lethe is the river in Hades that would erase ones memories if she were to drink from it. The late parvenues, however, is what ties this whole stanza into Fabienne. Loys husband, Cravan, married his wife in Mexico where he was dodging the draft.They separated and were supposed to meet up just before they returned to the United States, but Cravan never showed, nor was he ever seen again. Loy searched for him, and later he was assumed dead. Loy was already pregnant with Fabienne, and posthumous can mean born after the death of the father. meliorate yet, a parvenu is one who is unaccustomed to wealth or power, but has recently gained a position of such but hasnt gained the prestige that comes with the station. Fabienne, as a newborn, is completely unaware of the fact that she has just joined the human race.The fourth stanza of Loys poem, Delirious Avenues/ lit/ with the chandelier souls/ of infusoria/ from Pharaohs tombstones is a description of Loys search for her missing husband. The chandelier reference is also key because shortly after Lunar Baedeker is published, Loy opens a lamp shop and de brands the lamps and fixtures herself. At the metre that the poem was written, she was probably already dabbling in the art. The Delirious Avenues is a reference to her constantly searching blindly, with no clues, in every place or street her husband could be. The people who are a part of Cravan, Fabienne and Mina herself brighten the avenues they are the chandelier souls, branches, pieces of Cravan. The Pharaohs tombstone indicates that Loy finally coming to terms with the fact that her husband is most likely dead.The acceptance of the discharge of Cravan comes in the next stanza lead/ to mercurial doomsdays/ woeful oasis/ in rut phosphorous surpass can be interpreted in more than one-way. It can indicate that Loy was brought to a conclusion by the previous stanza, but it can also be defined as the first punch in a boxing match. This is important because Crava n was known as the boxer poet because he was really only a second rate poet and used prize fighting to supplement his income. Mercurial is a reference to Mercury, who is the Greek god of travel, cunning, and theft, and is also associated with swiftness. Mercury is also the second reference in the poem to a shiny, silver colored element in this case it is a poisonous element. In keeping with Loys celestial theme, Mercury is also the closest planet to the sun.Therefore, this doomsday, the loss of her husband, came swiftly, is like poison to her heart, and the heat of the planet Mercury can be paralleled to the fire of Hell. The term Odious oasis is an oxymoron. Loys only relief in submitting to the fact that her husband would never return to her was that she could give up searching for him. Her oasis is in furrowed phosphorous because she feels the loneliest at night, the term phosphorous, meaning something that glows or shines, is referring to the stars in the sky.The next stanza is somewhat cryptic, though the many references to white and light and the moon, the eye-white sky-light/ white light district, make me think of virginity and purity. The final line, of lunar lusts, indicates the sexual needs or desires of one who is chaste, another(prenominal)(prenominal) oxymoron. It is most likely Loy voicing her loneliness.At this point in the poem, Loys blending of words happens more and more. The first line is Stellectric signs, Stellectric being the combination of constellation and electric, meaning that Loy is taking meaning from the constellations in the night sky. The first sign she sees is wing shows on Starway If looked at from a point of view where this is an actual show, as in a theatrical presentation, a wing can be defined as a dance step, and the Starway can be the stage, something similar to Broadway. Loys next sign is the Zodiac top which is the cycle of astrological signs that are represented by the constellations in the night sky. A carrousel is a childrens amusement ride where one would sit on an animal-shape, which would tie in to the zodiac. A carrousel can also mean a cycle of activity that is complex and fast-paced and difficult to break free from. This shows that Loy was in a cycle that she may have been unhappy with. Both the zodiac and the carrousel are the first two of many references to things that are cyclical, or go in circles, or are expound even.The next two references to cyclical occurrences are in the next stanza. Cyclones are high-powered storms with low pressure at the center, 99% of which in the northern hemisphere spin in a counterclockwise motion. The fact that they run counterclockwise could be Loys rebellion against the cycles she is trapped in, or her feeling that she is stuck in a backward cycle, or a backward life. These cyclones consist of ecstatic dust/ and ash means that Loys grief for the loss of her husband is beyond her terra firma and self-control. The dust represents what something disinte grates into when it is reduced to its lowest form, and can also mean a state of humiliation. The ash, which is the carbon left after something is burned completely, is symbolic of Loys grief, repentance and humility. An ash is also a type of tree that has a tough, elastic wood, which represents Loys strength and malleability, indicating that she will heal from this loss.The dust and ashes whirl in this cyclone, another indicator of a circular, cyclical pattern. The next part of the stanza refers to crusaders/ from the hallucinatory citadels/ of shattered folderol/ into evacuate craters The hallucinatory citadels is the safety and security Loy thought she had with Cravan. The shattered glass represents Loys broken dreams about her ruined marriage and the evacuate craters, which are probably on the moon, are the emptiness into which her broken dreams are siphoned. Crater is another important hint to Loys personal life also. Loy was a painter and an artist and a crater can also be a mark in a painted surface, meaning that there were visible flaws in Loys life.Though Loys dreams concerning Cravan are broken and gone, she still had goals and aspirations, in fact, she has A flock of dreams still. Those dreams do sometimes browse on Necropolis which means she often thinks of and dreams about her lost husband, Necropolis being the city of the dead.The next stanza is a return to Loys lunar theme, and also a reference to a used and tarnished womanhood. From the shores/ of oval oceans The word oval means elliptical and egg shaped, which the orbits of the planets and moons are, but also it is derived from the Latin word ovum, which our word for the female sex cell. The oxidized Orient is the phrase that truly represents a tarnished womanhood. Oxidation is when something has been exposed to oxygen, which has cause a corrosion that is often black, brown or green. Orient is another reference to the moon, which in turn represents chastity. Orient can mean the East, where t he sun and moon intensify from, or rising in the sky, and also the luster of a pearl.The next image that Loy presents us with is the loss of her thirst for life. In Onyx-eyed Odalisques/ and ornithologists/ observe the flight/ of concupiscence obsolete dark eyed concubines and studiers of birds watch, inspect, and celebrate as Loys no longer useful lust, as Eros is the Greek god of erotic love, and her life-preserving instinct, which is also represented in Eros, leave her.The next stanza where Loy refers to her Immortality as it mildews/ in the museums of the moon Immortality could refer not only to her unending love for Cravan, but also the guess of her being famous for her writing or her art. The fact that it can mildew means that there truly is no such thing as immortality, but if there was, it would be in a place where it would be looked at and not used a museum. This museum would be in the moon because the moon represents an inaccessible place or goal.The next two lines are direct references to the moon. The Nocturnal cyclops would be the one-eyed being that is active only at night. With the Crystal concubine quartz represents something transparent and pretty, while concubine represents an unmarried woman who lives with a man, which is symbolic of the moons relationship with the sun.The very last stanza of Lunar Baedeker is full of meaning. It refers to the moon as Pocked with personification One general thinks that pocked meansto have craters or indents, when in reality it means to have pustules that are modify with infection. By being Pocked with personification the moon is infected with human attributes. The moon is also considered the fossil virgin of the skies Fossil here refers to the fact that the moons representation of purity and chastity are outdated and a remnant of the past. This is also another allusion to astrology in that the virgin, or Virgo, is a sign of the Zodiac.The final lead words of this poem are very powerful. When thoroughly considered they represent an inner struggle and inner turmoil. To wax is to increase, grow or intensify, but it can also mean rage. Wane, on the other hand, means to decrease in size and diminish, but it can also be used to describe a loss of power or a fall from power. waxes and wanes- This is symbolic of Loys struggle with her anger and pain after the loss of her husband, and in waning, she relents to her feelings.

Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl Essay

The book Pirates of the Caribbean, written by Irene Trimble is about the leg repeal of a plagiarist ship c eached the Black Pearl its swan and the crews that contest for it. knucklebones Sparrow was once captain of the Black Pearl but now Barbossa is the captain. rascal and Will turner are on a mission to take over the black pearl and save Elizabeth from Barbossa and his crew. Barbossa and his pirate crew are cursed. Because of the curse the food they eat turns to ashes in their mouth, they cannot taste their drinks and when they step into the moon light they turn into skeletons. But there is one way to end the curse, Barbossa said face lift an eyebrow.All the scattered pieces of Aztec gold must be restored and the blood repaid. (Pg.52) The blood has to be from beltstrap Bill or his son Will Turner. After all the gold is returned to the cave at Isla de la Muerta and Wills blood is on the gold the curse is broke and Barbossa and his crew turn back into humans. Jack shoots Barb ossa and he dies because he isnt a skeleton anymore. In the end Jack escapes from being hung and joins his crew on the Black Pearl and Will and Elizabeth peg in love.Jack Sparrow is tricky pirate because he steals a ship and when the crew comes aboard to capture him he sneaks onto their ship, which is faster, and steals it. He is also truly smart because he and Will put a row boat over their heads and walked under water still breathing. Jack is humorous because whenever he is asked a question he always answers by saying something funny. Jack is dishonest so nobody really knows what he is planning to do. Will Turner is adventurous because he threw a sword under Jacks feet before getting hung so he didnt die. He was also a very(prenominal) skilled blacksmith because he made swords and axes.The most important thing to him was Elizabeth. Will has been in love with her ever since he met her. Elizabeth Swann is attractive and majestic because she always wears check expensive clothes and she is also the Governors daughter so she is shown a lot of respect. Elizabeth is very curious about pirates and wants to live a pirate life. She was very brave because she was not afraid of the pirates and she helped save Will and Jack from Barbossa and his crew. Barbossa is caring because he is trying to find all of the Aztec gold to help end the curse that is on him and all of his crew. He is gullible because Jack is always lying to him and tricking him.Barbossa is respected by his crew because they always do what he asks. dickens crews were fighting over the Black Pearl. Jack wants it back and Barbossa wants to keep it. Barbossa needs the last piece of Aztec gold to end the curse and Elizabeth has it. His crew takes Elizabeth because they think she is Boot Strap Bills daughter and they need his blood to break the curse. Will Turner wants to rescue Elizabeth from Barbossa. Everyone ends up at the cave of Isla de la Muerta where the tit of Aztec gold is. Jack and Barbossa ha d a sword fight and found out that they are both skeletons.Will Turner puts his blood on the gold and at the same time Jack shoots Barbossa with his pistol and because Barbossa is human again he bleeds and dies. Jack Sparrow escapes and takes over the Black Pearl again and Will Turner and Elizabeth live happily ever after. I really like this book because I love pirates and it has a lot of action. I like how Jack and Barbossa fight over the Black Pearl. My favorite part was when Jack stabbed Barbossa and nothing happened and then Barbossa stabbed Jack with the same sword and he turned into a skeleton. I would commend this book to someone that likes pirates and action.

Cultural Differences and Translation of Idioms Essay

Language and horticulture are closely connected and inseparable, as a wording idiom is the essence of the deposition of the absorbing history and culture. Because of geography, history, religion, customs and other aspects of life differences between Chinese and English Idioms carrying characteristics of the different cultures and heathenish schooling, so English-Chinese Idioms often encounter umpteen difficulties.From the geographical environment, historical background, customs and religious beliefs described four aspects of ethnic differences between Britain and China on the impact of the formation of their respective idioms, and detailed description of English Idioms exposition to deal with this cultural difference in several comm merely used translation .Keywords run-in culture cultural differences Idioms reading 1, English idioms and cultural differences reflected in the (A) The environmentThe natural environment is mankinds survival and the basis for the development of different natural environment of the formation and development of national culture piss different effects. Chinese people living in the vast expanse of fertile continent of East Asia, China since ancient times is a large agricultural country, the land in peoples lives is vital. Therefore, there is a considerable portion of Chinese agriculture and land-related idioms. Such as in force(p) weatherdead endexterminationbig spenders and so on.Britain is an island surrounded by water. Maritime history, have been living in a world leader, so in English and will have a lot of water, search, and marine-related idiom. Such as weak as water (fragile), drink like a fish (booze), to miss the boat (missed opportunities), all at sea (a loss). In the Chinese cultural atmosphere, the wind that is spring wind, in the summer heat often associated with the Ku Shu, scorch like fire, Jiaoyangsihuo is often used to describe the summer term .The United Kingdom is located in the western hemisphere co upling temperate z unitary, is a marine climate, the report is that the message of spring westerly, the British poet Shelleys West Wind Song (ode to the west wi nd) is the right spring Acura. Englands summer season is warm and pleasant, often with lovely, moderate, OK connected. Shakespeare in his sonnets in one compared to the summer of love, Shall I compare thee to asummers mean solar day? Thou are more lovely and more temperate. (B)The historical allusionFrom a certain point of view that language is a nations cultural memory and precipitation, the large occur of Chinese idioms are based on the nations history, economy, culture, traditions, habits, formed the basis, with a strong national cultural characteristics of and far-reaching kind and historical origins, often can not be under(a)stood from the real(a) moment and translation. Such as mere copycat, Minglasunshan, lose the wife of another(prenominal) soldier offThree Stooges, the top one wise and so on.English idioms idi oms come from the Bible and the classical and Roman mythology, but also have their specific subject area, such as Achillesheel (the only fatal weakness), meetones waterloo (suffered a crushing defeat), a Pandoras box (Pandoras box), the Trojanhorse (Trojan horse from Greek mythology), arrow of Cupid ( , from Roman mythology). (C) The difference between practice In traditional Chinese culture, the dragon is a symbol of auspicious animals. In feudal society, empurpled dragon is a symbol, authority and elegance. Thus, in Chinese and dragon-related idioms generally contain compliment.Such as Dragon and Phoenix SucceedChenglongkuaixu and so on. However, myths and legends of the West, dragon wings, it is a long, scaly body, dragging a long tail, fire-breathing from the m knocked out(p)h of animals, it is terrifying. Therefore, as Long as the murderous havoc Westerners thing, to be eliminated. In concomitant, the chamfer in Chinese is a humble animal. Chinese idioms with dog-related m ostly derogatory Fox Peng Dog Party, Goujitiaoqiang, a dogs mouth spit no tusk and so on, while in the Western English-speaking countries, dogs are considered mans most loyal friend .English idiom In addition to the dogs part due to the impact of other languages, which includes a derogatory sense, most of them are not meant to be derogatory. Idioms in English, often with the dogs image to describe human behavior. If Youare a lucky dog (you are one lucky), Every dog has his day (mortal Jieyou proud days). In contrast, the Chinese people are very loved cats, with the Chan Mao fable man gluttonous, often intimate components, while in Western culture, cat is used to metaphor a malicious woman. (Iv) religious beliefs.Every nation has its own religious beliefs and religious culture, its peoples values and lifestyle of the formation and language have a subtle impact. In the long history of several thousand years, the Chinese nation is predominantly Buddhist and Taoist. Therefore, there a re many Chinese Buddhism, Taoism-related idioms, such as Jiehuaxianfo RoadBearing in mind that and so on. In addition, the Chinese people still worship gods, such as right and properthank GodHeaven always leaves people a way out and so on. Chinese emperors also claim to be true sons of the dragon.In the United Kingdom and other Western countries, the greatest impact of religion is Christianity. In the Western mind, God has a irresponsible supernatural power. There are also a number of English idioms with the God-related idioms. If God helps those who help themselves (God helps those who help themselves), Man proposes, God disposes (Man proposes, God disposes days). Curse a person is often said that God damn you, danger often said after the Thank God, or God bless you. Christian belief Bible has been regarded as a classic of Western culture. Many English idioms is precisely because of this.Such as the finger on the wall (writing on the wall), betray ones bread upon the waters (rea lly do good, without asking for anything). From the above aspects, we can watch out the impact of culture on idiom far-reaching and extensive. To correctly extrapolate the English language learners and successful conduct of Idioms Idioms translation, we must first English-Chinese have a deep saying of both cultures. Second, the main method Idioms Translation Translation is the conversion between the two languages, while the close relationship between language and culture conversion request must be in the language of cultural conversion.In view of this, the translator can not be literally literal translation, we must better understand the culture behind the literal information, using the original understanding of the original language and cultural knowledge to their own understanding, based on in another language such as that of the target language for the kinds of transformation, for the reader to pass the original translation accurate information, press serviceable equivalence principle so that the reader to reflect the kindred.Therefore, the idioms translated the one hand, as far as possible with the original meaning of the most appropriate, the most natural reproduction of such words come out, with Nidas words, that is, The best translation does no t sound like a translation the other On the one hand, but also install every effort to display the original cultural information on the translation readers to understand the cultural information contained in the original. Main methods are reposted elsewhere in the paper for free Download Center http//www. hi138. com (A) literal Translation.The so-called literal translation method, is not against the target language norms, and Lenovo are not under the conditions that caused the error in the translation to retain the original idiom metaphor, image and national, local features approach. It applies to some extent due to the use of a wide number of more of its literal meaning and metaphorical meaning has been w idely accepted by the reader for the translation idioms. If a humanss agreement (a gentlemans agreement) armed to the teeth (armed to the teeth) to fish in troubled water (fish in troubled waters) paper tiger (paper tiger)(draw water in a bamboo basket). Literal translation of the advantage of being able to retain more complete image of the original idiom metaphor, ethnic style, color and language. However, if the interpreter too frequently or too literal translation properly, its easy to make the reader feel funny or ridiculous, even give rise to mistaking or error association. Such as (Until all is over, ambition never dies. ), The Pig falsely accuse the Chinese (To put blame on ones victim.)Yellow and The Pig and other words have an obvious cultural traits, if the literal translation, foreign readers will not understand why, only to functional equivalence approach interpreter to readers in the East and the West has caused and is willing to match feelings. (B) literal explanatio n France In order to preserve the cultural information contained in the original, it is more use of literal, rather than paraphrase, but because of language rooted in the cultural soil is different from literal translation is likely to be ambiguous and vague.In this case, only in conjunction with appropriate annotation in order to pass the original text of cultural information. For example, a usurp Juan (Don Juan, which means Merry prodigal son), to carry coals to New castle (coal to Newcastle, means superfluous, Newcastle a British coal Center), N. (show off ones proficiency with chop before L u Ban, the master carpenter), mere copycat (The ill-favoured imitates the beautiful in such a destroyed way that the ugliness of the ugly becomes worse. ). (C) the equivalent ILL Method.Idioms right and others are reflected in three aspects, namely metaphor meaning, form and emotional metaphors. Some English Idioms and Chinese idioms, whether in content or in form or emotional, both relat ively close to this time, idioms translated to equivalent ILL method can be used, or apply the righteousness synonymous idiom. This approach not only to retain the image of the source language, style, consistent with the target language the language of the structure and habits, allowing the reader to easily understand the text of the translation to convey meaning, and thus the smooth realization of cross-cultural exchange.Such as burn the boat (most drastic) greatminds think alike (Great minds think alike) hitch a deaf ear to (ignored) a drop in the ocean (drop in the ocean). (D) translation method Translation method refers to the translation, to retain only the meaning of the original forms of expression rather than to retain the original method. When due to cultural differences can not be literally translated, nor synonymous idioms can be borrowed, together with the explanatory text then would lose the essence of the characteristics of idioms, it is best to avoid their cultural background and its meaning can be translated.If a skeleton in the cupboard (family scandal), driven to revolt (be forced to do something), (frankly speaking), volunteered (to volunteer ones service). Zhang Ling Cultural differences and Idioms translation of this approach also applies to those using concrete and plain metaphor to illustrate the more abstract reasoning, and language vivid and witty tag line. Such as the donkey to see libretto wait and see can be translatedas wait and see, dog bites Lu Tung-pin, did not know good people can be translated to snap and snarl at a kind hearted man.3, Conclusion English and each has its own cultural imprint colors and cultures between the two there is a large cultural differences. The impact of culture on idiom is multifaceted, non-English-Chinese translation of idioms is not. While the translation of idioms, especially those rich in cultural information, Idioms, and there is no fixed example in the end that the method should be adopted according to the context of flexible options.In addition, the process of translation the translator must not only consider the language of conversion, but also to enhance cultural awareness, from the standpoint of cross-cultural communicating, using an appropriate mode of translation, try to eliminate the cross-cultural communication caused by cultural differences communication barriers, to achieve an accurate description of the purpose of a foreign culture. References 1 Chen Ding-an. English Rhetoric and Translation M. Hong Kong Commercial Press, 1996. 2 Ping-hong, Zhang Guoyang. English Idioms and Anglo-American culture, M.Beijing Foreign Language Education and Research Press, 1999. 3 Hu Wenzhong. Introduction to Intercultural Communication M. Beijing Foreign Language Education and Research Press, 1999. 4 Fang dream. Translation New system and Practice M. Qingdao Qingdao Publishing House, 1999. 5 FENG Qing-hua. Practical Translation (update) M. Shanghai Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2002. 6 Sun Hui-jun, ZHENG Qing-Zhu. Translation studies in the cultural shift J. Chinese translation, 2000, (05). Reposted elsewhere in the Research Papers Download http//www. hi138. com.

Billy Mitchell: A Critical Analysis of His Leadership Essay

billy goat Mitchell was a visionary airpower pi whizzer who demonstrated very effective widenership in field operations, but his unfitness to catch a guiding coalition limited his effectiveness in leading the major organisational change he so desperately desired. familiar Mitchell was a famous, some would say infamous, airpower thinker who some regard as the father of the United States cinch Force.1 Born into a wealthy family and the son of a Wisconsin Senator, Mitchell could yield chosen a life of luxury. But wand sought great adventure and chose the military life instead. He joined the regular army at the progress of eighteen, six years before the Wright brothers made their get-go historic flight at Kitty Hawk. Once powered flight was proven, it wouldnt take desire for men to make it a weapon of war. For the U.S. Army, Mitchell found himself leading this effort in World War I and, by all accounts, he did so superbly. In this experience, he gained a vision for airpower so firmly embraced that he became the Statess most outspoken supporter of air forces and the need for an self-reliant communicate Service.See more how to write an analysisAs he pursued this challenge, Mitchells leadership was both stirring and divisive leading to epic displays of airpower technology and also to courts martial for insubordination. Despite his efforts, General Mitchell was not able to drive the Army and the nation to the strategic change he desired for airpower. In the years, how incessantly, following his downfall, many of his concepts eventually won the day. Denied his dream in life, his contributions were rewarded six years after his death when he was posthumously promoted to Major General and awarded the congressional Gold Medal. How could a man succeed so greatly in unitary phase of his life, but fail to achieve the same level of victory in another, given the fact that history has proven his airpower tenants correct? To answer this, one essential examine Mi tchells leadership and explore how it affected his successes and failures. The Air War college leadership curriculum provides an environment to examine the underpinnings of leadership and how it may be defined and improved. As a core analytical framework, it utilizes the Right to bakshish (RTL) Model.2 This model allows one, given certain authority, obligations, and requirements, to assess leadership against the factors of competence, character, personality, and relevance. I use these factors to assess Mitchells field leadership and provide rationale for his available successes. Mitchell possessed high levels of leadership competence, especially with regard to his knowledge and skills. He was very intelligent and dedicated himself to mastering the technical aspects of every military duty, which traverse a wide gamut from reading Morse code to flying aircraft. His assignments, from the jungles of the Philippines to the barren tundra of Alaska, provided him with great breadth of exp erience from which he polished the personal skills needed to lead his men. He leveraged this talent in the first world war, when he brought the power of his knowledge and experience to combat the ignorance of those who failed to construe how to employ airpower in the fight.3 The one limiting factor in Mitchells competence related to his behavior, specifically in the wear of the uniform, where he was known to take free reign in everything that adds a touch of picturesque to his personality.4 He would have been wise to remedy his behavior in this regard, as some of his actions drew outrage from his men, including the wear of more gold chevrons on his sleeve than he was authorized.5 Luckily for Mitchell, due to his strength of character, his men were mostly willing to over seek his behavioral faults. He was known as a man of integrity and was fiercely devoted to the surface being of his men. Given that an honest effort was put forward, he was surprisingly tolerant of mistakes. some importantly in the eyes of his troops, before ordering a subordinate to undertake a tough assignment, Mitchell would experiment with the task himself.6 Consider the following Mitchell enlisted into the Army at eighteen despite his option of an easier life he was the first airmen to volunteer for assignment to France in World War I and he was the first American officer to fly over the German front lines.7 I argue that these examples all support the fine character of General Mitchell. Mitchells personality was well suited for leadership in a field environment. He was able to effectively utilize the coercive, authoritative, and pacesetting leadership styles that, according to leadership research, were well suited for executing his vision in stressful environments with highly motivated men.8 He engendered high levels of trust from those who worked under him and gained the respect of those who worked by his side, including the British, French, and Italian confederate leadership.9 Releva nce, the apex of the RTL model, is a direct result of a leaders influence and occurs at the organizational, environmental, and personal levels.10 Mitchell showed relevance in all of these areas. First, from an environmental perspective, he brought together multiple organizations, air forces from Britain, Italy, and the United States, and integrated their personnel and equipment into a viable fighting force, which culminated in the greatest concentration of air power that had ever taken place.11 He had high organizational relevance, changing the persona of his combined force from one solely focused on strategic attack, to one comfortable executing the additional tactics and techniques of air superiority, close air support, and interdiction.12 Finally, General Mitchell had tremendous personal relevance to the airmen fighting under his command. As America rushed to get into the European air fight, they suffered from long delays in producing aircraft and training pilots, so much so tha t the vast majority of Army airmen shipped to Mitchell had never seen an airplane.13 He took this force and trained them to fly, fight, and win culminating in a decisive victory at the Battle of St. Mihiel. The RTL model proves a valuable tool to help understand why Mitchell was an effective leader in field operations, which culminated in his effective planning and execution of the European air campaign of World War I. His experiences in that location convinced him that airpower would be the dominate force in future warfare and to effectively organize, train, equip, and employ it required the creation of an independent Air Service Department.14 Enacting such a vision required strategic organizational change, which Mitchell attempted to lead. He proved less successful in this regard and Ill look to experts on leading change in an effort to understand why. In his book Leading Change, John Kotter spells out the eight steps to realise major change within an organization.15 The change process can be summarized in three phases break the status quo introduce many new practices and ground the changes into the organizational culture.16 To break the status quo, post-war budget cutbacks provided the required sense of urgency to produce military change and Mitchell had a clear and articulate vision, but he failed to create a sufficiently powerful guiding coalition to support the change. Though he was able to create a large cadre of airpower advocates in the military, the congress, and in the public, Mitchell was never able to get Army and Navy leadership to buy into his vision.When the head of an organization is not an active supporter, major change can be impracticable.17 Unable to break the status quo, Mitchell targeted the second phase of the change process by introducing new practices and empowering those under his command to take broad action in the development of new aircraft and more capable munitions. Mitchell hoped public demonstrations of these capabilities would force his leadership to buy into his vision. In an attempt to make this happen, he turned to dissent. Mitchell utilized the internal press to campaign for support, publicly denouncing the policies and positions of his leadership.18 In more recent times, other famous leaders, including Generals Douglas McArthur and Stanley McChrystal, have been relieved for publicly espousing opinion in conflict with subject leadership. But I believe Mitchell felt national security was at stake and that, as the Armys top airpower strategist, his expertise was being overlooked.When these conditions are met, some argue that dissent is appropriate.19 Right or wrong, Mitchells public campaign won him a very public showing of airpower capabilities, where his men magnificently sunk the battleship Ostfriesland.20 His public success did garner support for aviation Navy aviation. The public nature of his dissent offended leadership and made it impossible for him to build the guiding coalition require d for his vision. Without this key ingredient, he was unable to drive the organizational change desired. General Richard Myers argues that successful strategic leaders must manage cognitive dissonance.21 Thus, successful management means maintaining relationships despite disagreement. Mitchell failed here when he went public. Remarkably, he wasnt fired, probably because his views aligned with the public mood of the day.22 However, he again enacted this approach three years later with even stronger criticism of national policy and leadership. This time, hed experience the impacts of dissent as he was tried and convicted at court martial. Although this ended his military career, Mitchell regarded his trial as a necessary cog in the wheel of progress.23 Billy Mitchell was an exceedingly effective leader in field operations. He was also a visionary airpower pioneer who attempted, but failed, to lead organizational change due to his inability to build the requisite coalition. His ideas were valid and later implemented after his death. It took men with different leadership competencies, however, to eventually enact the changes Mitchell so deeply advocated.1. Lt Col William Ott, Maj Gen William Billy Mitchell A Pyrrhic Promotion, Air and Space Power Journal, Winter 2006, 27. 2. Gene Kamena, Col Mark Danigole, and CAPT Scott Askins, The Right to Lead, (working paper, Air War College, Maxwell, AL, 2012), 1. 3. Roger Burlingame, General Billy Mitchell (Westport, CT Greenwood Press, Inc., 1978), 78. 4. Ibid., 103.5. Ibid., 79.6. Ibid., 78-79.7. Dr. Michael L. Grumelli, Billy Mitchells Air War Practice, Promise, and Controversy, (lecture, National Museum of the United States Air Force Lecture Series, Dayton, OH, 16 Jan 2000), NPN. 8. Daniel Goleman, Leadership That Gets Results, On Point Harvard Business Review, March-April, 2002, 11. 9. Burlingame, General Billy Mitchell, 103.10. Kamena, Danigole, and Askins, The Right to Lead, 1-5. 11. Burlingame, General Billy Mitchel l, 94.12. Grumelli, Billy Mitchells Air War, NPN.13. Burlingame, General Billy Mitchell, 73-74.14. Alfred F. Hurley, Billy Mitchell Crusader for Air Power (Bloomington, IN atomic number 49 University Press, 1975), 40. 15. John P. Kotter, Leading Change (Boston MA Harvard Business School Press, 1996), 20-22. 16. Ibid., 23.17. Ibid., 6. 18. Hurley, Billy Mitchell Crusader for Air Power, 62. 19. Don M. Snyder, Dissent and Strategic Leadership in the array Professions, ASSI Publication 849 (Carlisle, PA Army Strategic Studies Institute, February 2008), 6-7. 20. Hurley, Billy Mitchell Crusader for Air Power, 64-69. 21. GEN Richard B. Myers, Ret. and Albert C. Pierce, On Strategic Leadership, Joint Force Quarterly, no(prenominal) 54, 3rd quarter 2009, 13. 22. Hurley, Billy Mitchell Crusader for Air Power, 90. 23. Hurley, Billy Mitchell Crusader for Air Power, 105.Bibliography1. Roger Burlingame, General Billy Mitchell (Westport, CT Greenwood Press, Inc., 1978), 1-94. 2. Daniel Goleman, Leadership That Gets Results, On Point Harvard Business Review, March-April, 2002,1-15. 3. Dr. Michael L. Grumelli, Billy Mitchells Air War Practice, Promise, and Controversy, (lecture, National Museum of the United States Air Force Lecture Series, Dayton, OH, 16 Jan 2000) 4. Alfred F. Hurley, Billy Mitchell Crusader for Air Power (Bloomington, IN Indiana University Press, 1975), 1-105. 5. Gene Kamena, Col Mark Danigole, and CAPT Scott Askins, The Right to Lead, (working paper, Air War College, Maxwell, AL, 2012), 1-14. 6. John P. Kotter, Leading Change (Boston MA Harvard Business School Press, 1996), 3-31. 7. GEN Richard B. Myers, Ret. and Albert C. Pierce, On Strategic Leadership, Joint Force Quarterly, No. 54, 3rd quarter 2009, 12-13. 8. Lt Col William Ott, Maj Gen William Billy Mitchell A Pyrrhic Promotion, Air and Space Power Journal, Winter 2006, 27-33. 9. Don M. Snyder, Dissent and Strategic Leadership in the Military Professions, ASSI Publication 849 (Carlisle, PA Army Strat egic Studies Institute, February 2008), 1-46. 10. Marybeth P. Ulrich, The General Stanley McChrystal Affair A Case Study in Civil-Military Relations, Parameters, US Army War College Quarterly, Vol. xli No. 1, Spring 2011, pp. 86-100.

Pop Music Lesson Essay

1. What is popular music?Popular Music refers to Music which is widely appealing to the large audience. It is also often referred to the music created since industrial enterprise in the mid-1800s.2. What theme does pop music typically use in the lyrics? Describe one pop song that uses this theme. Why is this theme such a popular one?Themes such as Love and Relationships atomic number 18 often used as the centre of the lyrics. Cant help falling in love Elvis Presley. It has displayed how a guy felt upon meeting a lady of his dream.Theme of Love and Relationships be popular because most people are able to relate their personal lifes with the theme. From daily lives to movies to music, Love theme is something which is universal and therefore, it is a popular theme that most artiste would based their music on.3. What is disco? What are the characteristics of this music?Disco is a music genre that was created in the 70s. Disco Music are usually played between Tempo 100-130 bpm. Such tread is neither too fast or too slow, and therefore it encourages dancing for the general audience. The pulse of the rhythm was oftern emphasized, Vocals were often soaring with the drumbeat behind.4. What was the British encroachment? Which famous group was a part of this movement? What impact did the group have on pop music?British Invasion refers to the boom popularity of British bands/music groups in America during the 60s. Beatles was one of the most famed band during the 1960s. There are many areas which the group has impacted and influenced Pop Music. Unlike otherwise artistes, Beatles wrote their own songs and created their own record label. That really changed the direction of pop music.5. What is a boy band? What are some characteristics of a boy band? A boy band is a band made of a group of male singers. They dont play any instruments, and much empathise were laid on their personal image and lifestyle etc.

How Does the Framed Narrative Have an Effect in Ethan Frome? Essay

In the prologue, Wharton sets the inning for the main explanation. The prologue (and epilogue) take place some twenty dogged time after the events of the main story and are written in the first person. The anonymous cashier describes his first impressions of Ethan Frome and about how he pieced together the story of Ethan Frome from personal observation and from fragments of the story told to him by townspeople. The prologue not only introduces The fibber, but also describes Starkfield and the winter setting, inhabitants of Starkfield, and provokes oddment about the tragedy experienced by Ethan Frome. Frome is a badly crippled but striking aged(a) man whom the Narrator has seen at the post office in Starkfield. Harmon Gow, a former stagecoach device driver who knows the histories of all the Starkfield families, responds to the Narrators questions about Frome by telling him that Frome was disfigured in a smash-up, an misfortune that occurred 24 years ago.But Gow provides few d etails. The framed narrative told in the first-person by the Narrator builds unbelief around Ethan Frome and the events leading to the smash-up that disfigured him. By telling the story through the device of the frame, the Narrator is trying to learn a story that has al hit the booksy happened Wharton gives Ethans story a sense of inevitability. By introducing his story as a flashback, the Narrator makes very clear the fact that what we are about to read is not a factual record of the occurrences leading up to Ethans accident, but his own impressions of what those occurrences may have been. According to The Narrator, Ethan has the remains of a once powerful and sensitive man, whom is now bound and cross by the crippling effects of a sledding accident. Even though Ethan is only fifty-two years old, he looks as though he is dead and in hell.Wharton builds skepticism when she reveals that the Narrator is also intrigued by the look of incredible suffering and despair that he sees in an unguarded moment on Ethans face Wharton provokes curiosity about the tragedy that has robbed Ethan of his life. Wharton provides minimal information about Ethan. Harmon Gow shares the sad history of the deaths of Ethans parents and of Zeenas sicknesses, and he adds the comment that most of the smart ones get away, implying that Ethan was smart, but unfortunately was unable to pass away Starkfield. The themes of silence and isolation are introduced by the author. The Narrator is impressed with Ethans solitude and apparent breakup into a protective shell. Ethan gives the postman a silent nod and would listen quietly.He responds briefly, in a low tone, when spoken to by one of the townspeople. Gradually, more of Ethans character emerges, especially after The Narrator has talked with Ethan during the trips to Corbury Flats. Ethans intelligence is revealed The Narrator through Ethans interest in a book of fashionable science, and a parallel between Ethan and The Narrator is establ ished when they reveal that they have both been on engineering trips to Florida. Wharton suggests that The Narrator is the kind of man Ethan might have become if he had not become trap in his marriage. Ethan did the right thing according to the accepted rules of society by caring for his wife however, it wasnt the right thing for him. Ethan pays the price by never achieving his potential. According to The Narrator, Ethan lives in a depth of honourable isolation.Wharton uses battle imagery to describe the way winter conquers Starkfield. The Narrator mentions the wild cavalry of March winds and he understood why Starkfield emerged from its six months siege like a starved garrison capitulating without quarter. The winter period is predominant Ethans memory of his trip to Florida seems to be covered with snow. Even the name of the town, Starkfield, is significant is emblematical of the moral landscape of the novel. It implies the devastating and isolating effects of the harsh winter s on the land and the men who work up the land. The conclusion is that the ravages of winter destroy both mans will to survive and the buildings he constructs to hold him from his environment. The exanimate, or lifeless, remains of Ethans sawmill are an example.The Narrator comments on the landscape that also suggests the debilitating effects of winter the starved apple-trees writhing over a hillside suggests the barren land that starves men kind of than feeds them. The dead vine on the front porch of Fromes farmhouse is symbolic of the dead and dying spirits that inhabit the house and its graveyard. And as The Narrator observes, Fromes farmhouse shivers in the cold and looks forlorn. After his important description of the L shape of the house the long deep-roofed adjunct usually built at right angles to the main house, and connecting it, by way of storerooms and tool-house, with the wood-shed and cow-barn The Narrator perceives that the farmhouse is symbolic of Ethan himself. The houses function appears to be a place of confinement and isolation for its inhabitants. Wharton easily changes the counsel from The Narrators first impressions to the dramatic action of the journey taken by Ethan and The Narrator in the snowstorm. It is ironic that a blinding snowstorm forces The Narrator to take shelter in the Frome farmhouse it opens his eyes to Ethans story. As a result of that, the breaking off of the narration just before the door opens increases the suspense and prepares the reader for The Narrator entering the farmhouse in the culmination of the tragedy in the epilogue.

Lady Macbeth is a fiend or a tragic figure Essay

The definition of a fiend is an pestiferous spirit or a sincerely unspeakable or cruel person. This word conjures up m some(prenominal) images in my mind, very a quite a little wish the definition of what a fiend is. Notions of a person with no conscience or mercy enclose my mind. What enters your mind when this word is implemented could change your views entirely.The commencement ceremony clock time we meet chick Macbeth is when she is reading forte a letter received from Macbeth. As soon as she has finished reading the letter, her geeghts right off caper to the eat up of Dun go off. thither is no hesitation, she has decided that she go forth do everything she can to make sure Macbeth kick the buckets king. Glamis thou art, and Cawdor and shalt be what thou art promisd. doll Macbeth knows her husband has the ambition needed to commit t suit, scarcely is concerned he hasnt got the evil in him to correspond with this aspiration. Both Macbeth and noblewoman Macbeths minds immediately consider the possibility of taking the kings life when they ar informed of the witches prophecies.Macbeth says my imagination, whose slaughter to that degree is but fantastical, which is implying that in his head, are visions of murder, but he does non yet know whether this will be carried out. gentlewoman Macbeth, in contrast, believes whole-heartedly that this unlawful killing will upshot place. Lady Macbeth is cause hungry, and she depicts no deliberation over what might go amiss, or the consequences of her actions. Lady Macbeths considerations may well be both because she cares close to Macbeth, and wants to provide him with what he lacks, the illness that should accompany such ambition, so that he can fulfil his genuine potency.Lady Macbeth, immediately as she hears of Duncans arrival, c alls on the supernatural forces to remove all that makes her a woman, so she can perform the slaughter of the king. At this point I perceive Lady Macbeth as ca lling on the spirit to help her resort to evil, because she does non be possessed of it naturally. However, some communitys views may differ to mine, and they could take the opinion that Lady Macbeth mustiness not be a loving person to invite the hard liquor in, and question what kind of a woman would want her femininity eradicated, so that she could, in fact, become evil. She believes she can contend with the intrusion of unearthly spirits into her mind and soul, and the suppression of her femininity. The use of her phrase in this scene is dark and disturbing, unsex me here and take my milk for gall, you murdering ministers.At this point Shakespeare wants to make connections with hell, dunnest smoke of hell, this is all very mysterious and threatening. It is very wicked to feel kindness for her here, plane though she isnt involving herself for her aver gain, and what happens to her later is all as a consequence of her obedience to Macbeth, and the fact that she did ever ything she could to make him exercise his full potential. The fact that she wants him to fulfil his potential is revealed passim the play, for example, when she asks him if he is afeard to be what in fact he would like to be. Tragic figures normally open a flaw in their character. I intend Lady Macbeths flaw is that she didnt have the evil in her in the introductory place, therefrom she had to call on the spirits. Calling on the spirits was a significant error of judgement, and the outcome of this was the ending of Lady Macbeths life.When Lady Macbeth firstly greets Macbeth, she greets him with the titles the witches prophecies presented him with. This could be Shakespeares right smart of demonstrating that Lady Macbeth is in the same league as the supernatural forces that predicted the persist for supremacy that follows. There are as well other relations that Shakespeare makes between Lady Macbeth and the supernatural, these happen finishedout the play, but are more subtl e. He is al fashions using the language of Lady Macbeth and distributing dark language throughout it. For example, devil, hell, murdering and blood.Once Macbeth has informed his lamb love of Duncans arrival, she swiftly launches into her plan of action, O never shall sun that morrow see Lady Macbeth seizes the moment and takes control of the situation. She advises Macbeth to bear get in his eye, and look like the innocent flower but be the ophidian under t. This is something which Lady Macbeth frequently has to do, and later seems to come easily, for instance, when she speaks to Duncan. It doesnt seem to come as easily to Macbeth, he finds it hard to stop his emotions displaying themselves through his actions and terminology.Even though plotting to murder the king is very a great deal a shared project, Lady Macbeth is the driving force behind the murder. Although, Lady Macbeth does not envisage there world any other murders. Here, I am unsure as to whether she wants to kill t he king for Macbeths advantage, therefore being a selfless person and wanting to bring the best out of Macbeth. If not, did she do it all for her own benefit, so that she could have more control? Because, of course, she already has control over Macbeth, hence her reasons for being power hungry, once you have control, greediness sets in, and you yearn for more. She instructs Macbeth to leave all the rest to her, which over once more shows that she is dominant.The reason Lady Macbeth would be power hungry is because she has no power of her own, the only route to gaining authority for her is through her husband, Macbeth. Women in Shakespeares time didnt have any individual power, they werent thought of as equals, and nigh didnt learn how to read and write. Women had absolutely no rights. Therefore it makes sense for Lady Macbeth to want Macbeth to become king, as then she can gain supremacy too. She can make it seem to her husband, that shes making an effort to help him develop his aspiration so that he can be better. When in fact, she is to a fault driving him on for her own benefit.The innocent flower image is certainly portrayed in the musical mode Lady Macbeth speaks to Duncan. They are very courteous towards each other, which is ironic, because of the horrendousness of what ensues. Lady Macbeth is at this point, a fiend in every way. She is planning to commit the grisly murder of the monarch of her country yet, in greeting him she is well-mannered and gracious. If Duncan was addressing me as a fair and noble hostess and I was plotting his demise, this would make me feel a colossal amount of guilt. The fact that we see n maven of this influences me towards assuming the title fiend is one which is appropriate in this scene.Macbeth makes a decision, that termination ahead with th assassination of the king would be a regretful deed. There are more reasons for his choice, he is afraid of going to hell and also Duncan is a wonderful king, people would miss him. Macbeth would like to be king, and wouldnt mind murdering if there were no advertize consequences. Macbeth is not one to be easily deceived he knows murder would entail many other things, for example, lies, deceit. He is not disposed(p) to carry out his scheme. He admits he has no spur, and directly afterwards, enters Lady Macbeth, she is the spur that he is lacking, which is wherefore Macbeth changes his mind, he now possesses the spur that he needed.Lady Macbeth makes him think he actually wants to be a murderer. She accuses him of not being a man, instead a coward, which to an individual which at one time was referred to as brave, valiant and hardy, could be deeply insulting. Macbeth could have dismissed what she said, if he had full courage and control over himself. The fact he does not do this, shows Lady Macbeth as being in absolute control of him, and also an enormously influential part of Macbeths thinking, or it could show that Macbeth did want to go through with th e murder after all, as he barely required much persuasion. She points out that Macbeth has already promised to undertake the elimination of Duncan, and that when he did this, neither time or place was appropriate, but he was going to find a way. Now though, time and place is appropriate, but he is afraid, therefore no longer a man.Lady Macbeth uses the brutal image of their lost baby to persuade Macbeth. This is an immensely important part of the play to me, as it may give a method to Lady Macbeths rawness. Is the reason she has her sights set on murder to get justice for her dead child? Is she so consumed with glowing rage, she believes another(prenominal) death will soothe her suffering? This makes me pity her greatly, shes suffered so severely However, my sympathy develops as soon as she uses the image of the baby they were so obviously so passionate close to as a tactic to manipulate Macbeth into performing a horrifying murder, of the worst kind.She knows this will weaken Ma cbeths resolve and paints a very graphic, violent picture of what she would have gone through with, if she had promised to do so. I would, while it was smiling in my face, have pluckd my nipple from his boneless gums, and dartd the brains out, had I so sworn as you have done to this. Lady Macbeth interrupts Macbeth a lot and is dismissive towards his opinions. This demonstrates how Lady Macbeth is a fiend, she does not want to listen to his points of view or arguments, she is determined the murder will go ahead. She divulges her very enlarge and well thought out plan to Macbeth. A detailed plot is more likely to have impact, as it gives the impression nothing can go wrong. Lady Macbeth disregards the consequences, shows no mercy for her king and is in relentless pursuit of power and authority.When Lady Macbeth talks about what has made her become bold, this also proves the point that she has not got the full evil in herself, as the inebriant shes consumed has stimulated her furt her to commit the crime. When Lady Macbeth couldnt kill Duncan we see a coup doeil of humanity, she did it because she genuinely felt she couldnt bring herself to murder someone who so closely resembled her father. If this was the case, it proves that Lady Macbeth isnt as cold and hard-hearted as she is primarily portrayed. We know this is her mind, as she speaks alone.Macbeth regrets the murder immediately he is distraught that he could not say amen. I am afraid to think what I have done. He cannot go back and face what hes done hes so racked with guilt. Lady Macbeth on the other hand has to be strong, Macbeth has brought the murder weapons back, Lady Macbeth has to return them, and does it with no mercy for the king, she has not thought of the consequences yet, but this will come later. Lady Macbeth tries to downplay the murder that has so recently been committed, consider it not so deeply.I think inside she is considering it, and this point is proved by her actions later on in t he play, where she recounts the murder, replaying the conversations between her and her husband. A little water clears us of this deed is crucial, and again shows that Lady Macbeth thinks her mind can be freed from what theyve just done by washing their hands. She reiterates this so many times in her actions later on in the play, which shows that even though she was acting as though it wasnt relevant, and didnt affect her, in actual fact, the truth is that it did have an emotional impact. These deeds must not be thought after these ways so it will make us mad, which is extremely ironic in view of the insanity that later follows.Lady Macbeth is the iron fist and characterization of authority for Macbeth, but as he ceases to confide in Lady Macbeth, she loses control more and more. The first time we see evidence of this is when she has to be carried out, after Macbeth has murdered the guards this is the first time we sense they are growing apart. There are many reasons she could have fainted, she could be shocked, as Macbeth has acted without her.Originally, Lady Macbeth had to use all of her influential powers, including brutal analogies of their deceased baby to persuade Macbeth to commit murder. Now however, he commits murder without even discussing it with Lady Macbeth, and it was worryingly easy for him. She thought that the murder of Duncan would be the end of killing, and she was not prepared for another instance of death, and she thought they were in it together. This is where we begin to commiserate with Lady Macbeth. A tragic character does consider sympathy from the audience, a fiendish villain does not. Therefore Shakespeares intending the audience to perceive her as a tragedy.Noughts had, alls spent, where our desire is got without content tis safer to be that which we destroy than by destruction dwell in doubtful joy. Lady Macbeth is feeling remorseful, they have not gained anything, but lost everything, they are sustainment in an insecure pleas ure. She is doubting that what theyve done was the right thing to do, but reveals none of this to her husband. Instead she asks him why he is keeping things from her, why do you keep alone, and why he is contemplating thoughts which she says should have died with Duncan. This is the offset printing of the insularism of the two characters, who were previously so united in their marriage. Macbeth doesnt tell his wife that he plans to kill Banquo, even though she asks whats to be done? Be innocent of the knowledge dearest chuck, gives an insight into the way that Macbeth thinks of his wife, he believes her to be untarnished, and is still considering her feelings.The defining scene in the dissolution of Macbeth and his fiend-like queen is the banquet scene. Lady Macbeth is behaving as the gracious, well mannered hostess, giving a respectable speech to her fellow nobles. This again portrays the innocent flower image, but I am not sure that her serpent exists now at all. I say this bec ause she has no intentions of killing anyone, therefore she has the right to be complaisant and play the role of the humble host. However, she is keeping up the pretence that Macbeth is acting normally, and that his fit is momentary. She encourages her guests to dilute Macbeth, but I imagine that she is finding it hard enough to do for herself. She again insults him, quite unmannd in folly? She is trying to control him in the way she did before the murder, but its not having the same effect. This time it is different because she cant understand what her husband is seeing, as she isnt going through it with him.She nonetheless covers for him when his fit returns. This demonstrates that Lady Macbeth is devoted to her husband incessantly. It doesnt matter for her whether he returns this devotion or not. Macbeth is the reason she stays strong, therefore when he begins to desert her, she doesnt have a reason anymore, so this could be a cause for her infected mind later on in the play. S he is ancestor to lose understanding of Macbeth, and tells him he lacks the season of all natures, sleep. This is a very significant line, as it is again ironic because the next time we see Lady Macbeth, shes the one that is having trouble sleeping. This is not the first time Shakespeare has made Lady Macbeth foresee the future, without realising. I think he may be act to do this so that it is connecting Lady Macbeth with the supernatural. Lady Macbeth has invited the supernatural in, so this could also be Shakespeares way of emphasizing this fact.When Lady Macbeth begins to sleepwalk, this is a true insight into her mind. We are finally seeing her true colours, and the deliberate disintegration of her mind, mentality and soul is brought to a head. Her command is that she has light by her all the time, realistically, is this the demand of a fiend? Lady Macbeth finally realises the consequences of her behaviour, and is racked with guilt. I think this scene is all about revealing t he true character of Lady Macbeth, and exposing the vulnerability of this individual, who at one time showed such strength, or did she?In Polanskis Macbeth, Lady Macbeth is shown naked, which reveals her defencelessness perfectly. Shes looking for a way to free herself of the guilt shes been carrying for so long. Somehow though, I think she knows this can never be achieved, will these hands neer be clean? Some people could ask that Lady Macbeth is looking for redemption, which I whole-heartedly believe, however, they would probably also make the point that her misconduct has been too much to expect salvation. I dont think that shes asking for too much to be able to try and redeem herself though, a truly evil person surely wouldnt want to escape guilt, as there would be none.The thought of evil, which Lady Macbeth once sought after and accepted, is now haunting her in her troublesome sleep. It proves she expected murder to end after they had killed Duncan, the Thane of Fife had a wi fe where is she now? She shows remorse, and tries to cleanse her hands of the corrupted stains of murder, but she knows that all the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand. Some could maintain that Lady Macbeth deserves to be destroyed by evil, as she encouraged the spirits to enter her.Lady Macbeths conscience appears in private, whereas Macbeths emerges at a public banquet. This expresses the roles of men and women in Shakespeares day. Lady Macbeth returns to the times when her and Macbeth were closest, planning the murder together, and recounts conversations had. She is desperately trying to cling on to the person who she is so devoted to, but who has now abandoned her in his relentless pursuit for dominance. This factor points to her being a tragic figure, as we see her becoming more and more isolated, and feel a heightening sense of pity for her. This scene marks the realisation of Lady Macbeths unavoidable descent to madness. I think death is welcomed by Lady M acbeth, as she knows she can never escape this swirl of grief and incessant guilt.In conclusion, Lady Macbeths character gradually degenerates through a false portrayal of unyielding strength, a shifting involvement with supernatural powers and gradual separation from her former life. Lady Macbeth invited evil into her life, which resulted in her being overpowered by the spirits. There are two arguments as to whether Lady Macbeth is a fiend or a tragic figure. In my opinion, Lady Macbeth can sometimes appear as a fiend, but the overall view I have of her is as of a tragic figure, who in the end is so guilt-ridden that she takes her own life. She dominated the murder of Duncan, regarded her husband as someone she could manipulate, then when he isolated her, lost all sense of being and ended her life.She was egoistical in the way that she wanted the murder to go ahead so that she could gain power, and calls on evil to support her, as she doesnt contain it within herself. Some people might then argue that if she invited them in, she certainly deserves the dissolution of her mentality. I dont think Lady Macbeth was aware of what the evil spirits would do to her. However, even if she was aware, would she still have called on them? I think not, but some could hire that she is so heartless she would have. Lady Macbeth never worries about the consequences until afterwards.Then it is too late for her to stop what she started. Lady Macbeth maintains human emotion throughout the whole play, for example, where she cannot kill the king because of his resemblance to her father. She is selfless in the way that everything she did, taking the daggers back, hatching the plan etc, was for Macbeth. She was totally devoted to him, even though he deserts her, when she demand him most. It is no coincidence that as soon as we sense the Macbeths growing apart, Lady Macbeths madness sets in. in all in all, I dont think Lady Macbeth deserves what she gets. Macbeth committed further c rimes, yet he only showed initial guilt, but once he is past that, he becomes an unbeatable brute. She is a loyal, devoted character who is so isolated that she sees no way out. There is so much pressure, the murders of Banquo and Lady Macduffs family return to haunt her conscience, even though she played no part in them. She is even feeling guilt for her husbands murders, surely not a fiend-like quality? All of the pressure mounts up and she sees no means of regaining her life, and therefore decides to end her existence. She didnt do it because she was weak, she did it because she was immoral and repentant.

Doing Business in Argentina

Doing Business in Argentina Argentina has a unchanging political structure and the government is working on bring outing economy. I would choose to produce and make do solar panels in Argentina through articulation Venture with an Argentina connection, which is one of the Investment entrance Mode. And I would send 1 in sales, 2 engineers, 1 accountant, 1 in shipping, 3 technicians, and 2 managers. Market reasons Firstly, Argentina has enriched solar resource. Argentinas eastern plains and north western regions atomic number 18 samplefor solar PV evolution.However, only 10 MW of solar hasbeen installed in Argentina to date, making it a great untappedresource (Grotz, Decundo and Ernst and Young). It indicates that the potential market for solar panels is huge. In addition, the efficient of solar ability is the most advert factor of solar panels, solar energy installations began as simple contraptions in Latin America precisely are increasingly led by technologically advanc ed providers deploying sophisticated equipment and expertise that makes contrasted troth almost indispens subject (Solar Daily).And my partnership has the best electronics package on the market it is a great hazard for my product to take a major part of market share in Argentina. Secondly, solar energy is one of the major renewable energy that Argentine government trying to develop. Argentina is the third-largest economy in Latin America, and one of the emerging markets around the world. However, the shortage in electricity is the major obstacle of the development. electrical energy demand continues to grow steadily in the fieldand forecasts suggest an ongoing annual increase of 6%.Estimates indicate that an additional 1 GW of new generationcapacity per annum will be necessary to quit this growingdemand (Grotz, Decundo and Ernst and Young). To solve the problem, Argentine government not only passed a law to check out that 8% ofelectricity demand should be generated by renewab le sourcesby 2016, but also actual the GENREN program to concentrate at least 1GW of renewable energy capacity (Grotz, Decundo and Ernst and Young). And 20 Mw of electricity are supposed to be converted by solar energy.With the encouraging and supporting of Argentine government, it is the best measure to introduce my product into the renewable energy industriousness. Why Joint Venture? The rattling first mend is from the companys interest. Since $5,000,000 has been spent in developing the electronics package and assembly machine, I need to stifle the costs of entering the new foreign market as much as possible. Through Joint Venture, I depose access to existing resources that the local company has in Argentina it takes slight judgment of conviction for my company to grasp familiar with the market and actual start my business.Time is money. Also, the advantages I have are the event technology of the business, human resource to train workers and jobs all I need is the local facility and less required workforce. I will send 3 technicians to Argentina to train limited workers before tidy sum and license my patents to the local company for a limited time. On one hand the business is able to operate smoothly once it started. On the other hand, given the fact that, Argentina is a country with high uncertainty avoidance, it shows my willingness of cooperating with the local company.Also, its necessary to sign a very detailed contract with the local company. Whats more, Argentina has a high Human Development Index and ranked forty-fifth among 187 countries (UNDP). Therefore, it will not take much time in training workers. Secondly, it helps my company to take a local go through. Argentina is an achievement oriented country, with a local company entering the market it disregards the perfume of unfamiliarity. In the mean time, since Argentina is a multi-culture country, when dealing with culture issue, a local company can provide support and reduce risks that due to unfamiliar of the culture.The most important is that, a local image represents local interests. The argument among nationalizing YPF S. A. , the oil and gas company owned by the Spanish energy monster Repsol (Romero), is the hottest issue recently. One reason for Argentine government to take over YPF S. A. is that YPF, hasnt produced enough to nourish up with Argentinas rapidly growing economythe companys proven reserves of oil and gas have also locomote substantially over the past few years (Weisbrot). From Argentine governments point of view, it pith YPF S. A. approximatelyhow did not represent the countrys interests. When corporate interests are not aligned with national interests, when companies are concerned only with profits, thats when economies fail, which is what happened globally in 2008 and what happened to Argentina in 2001 (Bronstein). In this case, it is crucial to form a local image in Argentina and being less foreign. Thirdly, it reduces the politic al risks in Argentina. IMF claims that in that respect is no nationalization trend in South America despite the moves in Argentina, its a very diverse region and we would not call what we are seeing a trend (Palmer).However, always being aware of potential political risks in Argentina is good to prepare ahead and reduce the passing as much as possible. Through Joint Venture, if a wide range of nationalization happens, it would reduce my loss of investing in establishing facility and share the risks with the local company. In addition, it allows me to be able to get involved into the relationship between the local company and local government. Fourthly, my company demand to get into the constancy as soon as possible.Since Argentina is a FDI favorable country and renewable energy industry is hot, it is a highly competitive industry currently. Argentina attracted US$743m (546m) in cleanenergy enthronization in 2010, ranking it 16th among G 20members. Its five-year growth rate for c lean energy enthronisationis 115% which places it second among the G 20 (Grotz, Decundo and Ernst and Young). As for solar energy, there are already some big companies involve in, like Sequel Power and Onyx Service and Solutions, Inc. , they admitted that South America is a horrendous growth region for utility-scale solar energy projects (Solar Daily).Not to mention when the EU begins to focus on the industry, the EU is the biggest foreign investor in Argentina, accounting for about half of the FDI in Argentina with EUs investment stocks worth 44. 1 one million million million in 2008 and important investments in areas such as telecoms, automotive or energy (European Commission), the competition would be drastic. At that time, the key point to win the battle would focus on technology. Through Joint Venture, not only my company would provide the latest technology in the U. S. , but also the local company is able to distribute the competitive product to local market in time.Fifthl y, through Joint Venture, it would be easier to send money back to the U. S. The financial issue would be the biggest problem to do business in Argentina. Due to the crisis in 2001, Argentina defaulted on its bonds and has since haddifficulty accessing the international credit market therefore, even though Argentine government is trying to develop renewable energy, A lack ofsupport for project development from financial institutionscontinues to be a barrier to renewable energy development inthe country (Grotz, Decundo and Ernst and Young).Without marcher from government, it is harder to develop a new company in a new industry. Therefore, the financial plan should be made in detail and carefully. The restriction on money transaction is tightened in Argentina huge amount of money need to go through the Central Bank to transfer to outside of Argentina. It would be easier for Argentina residents to do so. Argentina has placed trade barriers, like limits on payment of import services, to hold dear local industry and its trade surplus.And the critics described the policy as unbefitting any WTO member and oddly troubling because they limit the growth-enhancing prospects for trade (Miles). Also, the labor cost is much cheaper in Argentina than the U. S. , thus, I obstinate not to import products from the U. S. to Argentina, but to produce it locally. Last but not least, through Joint Venture, I am able to know the cost of living in Argentina, and provide my employees a reasonable hire while working in there.And the local company can assist my employees to get used to the smell in Argentina it will allow them to feel less culture shock. I will keep their positions in the U. S. , and ask the first group of employees that go to Argentina to share their experiences in the help of conterminous group of people to make full preparation. As the company in Argentina should be long-term, and I would like everyone in my company has the chance to work there, if I could. In this case, the coordination among the U.S. company and Argentine company will be better. One group of 10 employees in Argentina is fixed. And technicians are the most important, it needs 3 employees 2 engineers are able to develop our products suitable for Argentine circumstance 1 in sales, 1 accountant, 1 in shipping, and 2 managers would be enough to cooperate with the local company. All in all, considering the market factor and the business environment in Argentina, I would like to sell and produce my electronic package.I already have competitive advantage in my product, through Joint Venture it enables my business to develop smoothly and steadily in such a foreign market. Works Cited Bronstein, Hugh. Hugh Bronstein. 4 May 2012. 4 May 2012 . European Commission. Argentina. 18 April 2012. 3 May 2012